在涉外民事或商事诉讼中,法院对域外当事人进行审查的目的在于排除不适当的域外当事人,避免无意义的诉讼,减少司法资源的浪费。这种审查包括对域外当事人的诉讼权利能力和诉讼行为能力的审查以及对域外当事人的适格审查等内容。在非涉外民事或商事诉讼中,法院也要对当事人进行审查,但是由于域外当事人的特殊性,两者在法律适用和具体要求方面有所不同。我国与其他一些国家签订的民事和商事司法协助协定以及我国民事诉讼法第五条都对外国人的民事诉讼地位作出了规定,这是审查域外当事人的基本原则依据。它们包含两层含义:一是法院对于域外当事人的诉讼地位,采取对等条件下的国民待遇原则。国民待遇原则要求法院必须如同审查域内当事人一样,对域外当事人进行审查。二是界定了域外当事人的基本范围,即外国人、无国籍人、外 In foreign-related civil or commercial litigation, the court examines the parties involved in extra-territorial disputes with the aim of excluding inappropriate outside parties, avoiding meaningless litigation and reducing the waste of judicial resources. Such a review includes the examination of the litigability and litigability of the extraterritorial parties as well as the examination of the merits of the extraterritorial parties. In non-foreign civil or commercial litigation, the court also examines the parties, but due to the particularity of the extraterritorial parties, the two differ in their application of law and specific requirements. The Agreement on Mutual Legal Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters signed by our country with other countries and Article 5 of the Civil Procedure Law of our country stipulate the status of foreigners’ civil litigation. This is the basic principle basis for the examination of extraterritorial parties. They contain two meanings: First, the court adopts the principle of national treatment under the equal conditions for the litigation status of the parties outside the domain. The principle of national treatment requires that courts must examine off-site parties as if they were parties in the domain. The second is to define the basic scope of extraterritorial parties, that is, foreigners, stateless persons, outside