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目的探讨支气管哮喘患儿血清IL-4、IL-5和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)水平及其在支气管哮喘发病中的作用。方法选取30例门诊随诊的哮喘缓解期患儿作为哮喘组,30例同期健康体检儿童作为健康对照组,2组儿童均于清晨空腹取外周静脉血1.0 mL制备血清,应用ELISA法对2组儿童血清IL-4、IL-5和IFN-γ水平进行测定。结果哮喘组患儿血清IL-4、IL-5水平均较健康对照组升高,差异有统计学意义(t=2.48、2.63,Pa<0.05),但其血清IFN-γ水平较健康对照组显著降低(t=3.02,P<0.01)。结论哮喘患儿存在Th1/Th2细胞免疫失衡,Th1免疫功能低下,IFN-γ下调可能是哮喘发病的重要原因,对哮喘有负向调节作用。哮喘患儿同时存在Th2细胞免疫功能亢进,以IL-4、IL-5为代表的Th2免疫功能在儿童哮喘的发病中发挥正性促炎作用。
Objective To investigate the levels of serum IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ in children with bronchial asthma and their roles in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Methods Thirty outpatients with asthma remission were selected as asthma group and 30 healthy children at the same period as healthy control group. Serum was obtained from 1.0 mL of peripheral venous blood by fasting in both groups. Serum levels were determined by ELISA. Children’s serum IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ levels were measured. Results The levels of serum IL-4 and IL-5 in asthma group were significantly higher than those in healthy control group (t = 2.48, 2.63, P <0.05), but the level of serum IFN- Significantly lower (t = 3.02, P <0.01). Conclusion Th1 / Th2 immune imbalance and Th1 immunosuppression are present in children with asthma. The down-regulation of IFN-γ may be an important cause of asthma and negatively regulate asthma. Th2 immune function in children with asthma at the same time there is hyperactivity, IL-4, IL-5 as the representative of Th2 immune function play a positive role in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma.