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【目的】调查盘锦市大型公共场所室内卫生质量状况。【方法】2011年8月至2012年8月采用单纯随机抽样方法,针对盘锦市2个区(兴隆台区、双台子区),两个县(大洼县、盘山县)共3594余家公共场所经营单位,其中2000㎡以上公共场所经营单位51家,从其中选取33家大型公共场所为调查对象,按照统一调查标准,录入预设统一电子表格,由卫生监督机构公共场所卫生监督员及疾病预防控制中心监测人员逐家调查、采样、监测。按照对经营性公共场所卫生指标的要求,分别检测30家经营公共场所的卖场、餐厅、娱乐场所、客房的集中空调通风系统(视觉清洁、积尘量、送风口可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数、真菌总数、冷却水嗜肺军团菌)、采光照明、噪声、微小气候(湿度、温度、风速)、空气质量(一氧化碳浓度、二氧化碳浓度、可吸入颗粒物及空气细菌总数);并根据国家标准计算各指标的合格率。【结果】盘锦市大型公共场所室内的温度、湿度、采光照明、风速、一氧化碳合格率均较高。而餐厅、休息大厅、娱乐场所等处可吸入颗粒物、细菌总数和二氧化碳浓度合格率较低。餐厅和娱乐场所的噪声指标合格率较低。集中空调通风系统细菌总数、冷却水嗜肺军团菌合格率较高。视觉清洁、积尘量、送风口可吸入颗粒物、真菌总数合格率较低。【结论】盘锦市大型公共场所卫生质量总体上较好,建议针对不合格的主要原因(集中空调通风系统、室内可吸入颗粒物等不合格,其中集中空调通风系统积尘量、送风口可吸入颗粒物浓度与室内可吸入颗粒物物浓度存在正关联性)对公共场所经营者及消费者进行相应的培训、宣传教育,督促公共场所经营者定期主动进行集中空调通风系统卫生清洁工作,并按时按规检测,使消费者认识到公共场所卫生与人体健康的关系,自觉养成不随地吐痰,不吸烟等良好的卫生习惯,从而全面提高盘锦市公共场所卫生水平。
【Objective】 To investigate the quality of indoor sanitation in large public places in Panjin City. 【Methods】 From August 2011 to August 2012, a total of 3594 public hospitals in two districts of Panjin (Xinglongtai District and Shuangtaizi District) and two counties (Dawa County and Panshan County) were recruited by simple random sampling method. 51 establishments in public places above 2000㎡, choose 33 large-scale public places as the survey objects, input the preset unified electronic form according to the unified investigation standards, and the public health supervisors and diseases Prevention and control center monitoring staff by household survey, sampling, monitoring. According to the requirements of health indicators in public places, 30 air-conditioned ventilation systems (visual cleaning, dust accumulation, air inlet respirable particulate matter, total number of bacteria, fungi) of stores, restaurants, entertainment venues and rooms operating public places were respectively tested Total number of Legionella pneumophila), lighting, noise, microclimate (humidity, temperature, wind speed), air quality (carbon monoxide concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, respirable particulate matter and air bacteria total); and calculate the indicators according to national standards The pass rate. 【Result】 The indoor temperature, humidity, lighting, wind speed and carbon monoxide pass rate in the large public places in Panjin City were all higher. The restaurant, lounge, entertainment and other places can inhale particles, the total number of bacteria and carbon dioxide concentration lower pass rate. Restaurants and entertainment noise indicators pass rate is low. Central air conditioning and ventilation system, the total number of bacteria, Legionella pneumophila cooling water qualified. Visually clean, the amount of dust accumulation, the outlet can be inhaled particles, the total number of fungi lower pass rate. 【Conclusion】 The overall health quality of large public places in Panjin City is generally good. It is suggested that the main reasons for the unqualified (air conditioning and ventilation system, indoor respirable particulate matter, etc.) are not qualified. The amount of dust accumulated in the air conditioning and ventilation system, Concentration and concentration of indoor respirable particulate matter are positively related) to public places operators and consumers to carry out appropriate training, education, supervision of public places regularly take the initiative to carry out centralized cleaning of air conditioning and ventilation systems hygiene, and timely regulatory testing , So that consumers recognize the public health and human health relationship, and consciously develop non-spitting, non-smoking and other good health habits, so as to comprehensively improve the health of public places in Panjin City.