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在简要总结出石漠化地区的生态特征、生态威胁及生态恢复存在的主要障碍的基础上,比较系统地分析了桑树在石漠化生境中已表现出的生态适应能力和生态修复潜力。桑树作为喀斯环境的速生造林树种,根系发达,耐干旱耐贫瘠能力极强,对增加植被覆盖率、促进生态环境改善、实现石漠化地区脆弱生态系统的恢复与平衡产生重要作用。尤其是由于丛枝菌根具有对矿质营养和水分吸收能力强的特殊生理生态功能,刚好与石漠化地区贫瘠和干旱这一主要生态障碍相耦合,接种丛枝菌根真菌后能进一步扩大桑树对矿质营养和水分的吸收与运输,减轻贫瘠干旱胁迫,加快土壤微生物群落构建,提高土壤生物活力,促进植被群落正向演替。种植菌根桑可望成为喀斯特石漠化生态修复一种新途径。
Based on a brief summary of the ecological characteristics, ecological threats and major obstacles in the ecological restoration of the rocky desertification area, the ecological adaptability and ecological restoration potential of mulberry trees that have been shown in the rock desertification habitat are systematically analyzed. Mulberry is a fast-growing afforestation tree species with developed root system and drought resistance and poor barrenness. It plays an important role in increasing the vegetation coverage, promoting the improvement of the ecological environment and realizing the restoration and balance of fragile ecosystems in the rocky desertification area. In particular, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have the special physiological and ecological functions of mineral nutrition and water absorbing ability, which are just coupled with the main ecological obstacle of barrenness and drought in rocky desertification area. After being inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the mulberry tree can be further expanded Absorption and transport of mineral nutrients and water, alleviation of barren drought stress, accelerate the construction of soil microbial community, improve soil bioactivity, and promote positive succession of vegetation communities. Planting mycorrhiza can be expected as a new approach to ecological restoration of karst rocky desertification.