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本文采用社会语言学变异理论模型和历史比较语言学分析框架,基于代表加拿大主流英语的渥太华英语口语语料库,对英语强化词系统的结构模式和变异机制进行系统动态考察。研究选取2,847个形容词为强化词出现的必要语境,其中强化词共出现957次。研究发现,20-30岁人群和女性使用强化词的频率显著超过40岁以上人群和男性;very的强势地位主要局限于40岁以上人群,而在20-30岁人群中really,so,pretty已经取代very占据上风。研究还考察了与英语强化词密切相关的形容词语义韵、情感色彩、句法功能、词频等语言特征,以及与性别、年龄社会变量之间的交互关系。最后,本研究还为very,really,so,pretty构建了多变量分析模型,以期从共时的视角考量强化词的语法化等级和路径。
Based on the sociolinguistic variation theory model and historical comparative linguistic analysis framework, this paper systematically examines the structural modes and mutation mechanisms of English intensive word systems based on the Ottawa English oral corpora representing mainstream Canadian English. The study selected 2,847 adjectives as the necessary contexts for the enhancement of the word, in which 957 strengthen words were found. The study found that the frequency of use of reinforcement words in 20-30 year olds and women was significantly higher than in those over 40 and men; very strong predominance was mainly confined to people over the age of 40, whereas really, so, pretty in 20-30 year olds Replaced very dominant. The study also examines the linguistic features of adjectives, such as semantic rhyme, emotional color, syntactical function, word frequency, and their interaction with gender and age-related social variables. Finally, this study also builds a multivariate analysis model for very, really, so, pretty with a view to considering grammaticalization levels and paths of reinforcement words from a synchronic perspective.