论文部分内容阅读
科学的社会建构主义认为科学知识不是对客观世界的反映,而是一种社会的建构。这种看法引起了科学家与科学哲学家的强烈不满。著名生物学家道金斯就指出,如果说科学是一种社会建构,那么,当社会建构主义者出席学术会议时,为什么乘坐的是现代科学的伟大技术成就——波音飞机,而不是《一千零一夜》中载人飞行的魔毯。对此,社会建构主义的代表人物大卫·布鲁尔写了这篇文章进行反驳。在布鲁尔看来,科学理论(在文中指空气动力学)不是对自然真理的镜像式反映,而是一个在利益的引导下,主体不断去适应自然的建构过程。这种争论实际上表现出反映论与建构论、实在论与实用主义之间的对立与冲突。
Scientific social constructivism holds that scientific knowledge is not a reflection of the objective world but a kind of social construction. This view has aroused strong dissatisfaction with scientists and philosophers of science. Dawkins, a well-known biologist, pointed out that if science is a kind of social construction, then why should the Social Constructivists attend the academic conference when they are riding on the great technological achievements of modern science - the Boeing plane instead of “one Thousand and one night ”in the manned flight of the magic carpet. In response, the representative of social constructivism David Brewer wrote this article to refute. In Brewer’s opinion, scientific theory (in this paper, aerodynamics) is not a mirror image of natural truth, but a process of the subject’s constant adaptation to nature under the guidance of interests. This kind of debate actually shows the contradiction and conflict between reflection theory and construction theory, realism and pragmatism.