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塔里木盆地晚奥陶世构造沉积环境经历了快速而剧烈的变化，恢复该时期盆地原型有助于揭示盆地充填演化和盆山耦合。利用最新的钻井、地震及露头资料以沉积相为研究实体，将盆地充填与周缘构造演化相结合，由点→线→面进行分析，恢复了塔里木盆地晚奥陶世不同时期(以组为单位)的构造沉积环境，并建立了相应的盆地充填演化和盆山耦合样式。吐木休克组沉积期，塔里木盆地西部发育淹没台地深水台盆沉积体系，巴楚—塔中和塘南为暴露剥蚀区；良里塔格组沉积期，盆地西部发育开阔台地深水台盆沉积体系，其中玉北东部—塘古巴斯碳酸盐岩台盆反转为浊流盆地；桑塔木组沉积期，盆地西部发育混积陆棚浊流盆地沉积体系，仅在柯坪发育欠补偿沉积；铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期，盆地西部广大地区为暴露剥蚀区，并发育碎屑滨岸陆棚沉积体系。吐木休克组桑塔木组沉积期，塔里木盆地东部持续发育深水浊流沉积体系；铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期，演变为碎屑陆棚沉积体系。研究认为塔里木盆地晚奥陶世在东西分异的台盆格局基础上叠加了南北分异的隆坳格局：吐木休克组沉积期，盆地西部差异升降显著，南北向隆坳相间的格局初步形成；良里塔格组桑塔木组沉积期，盆地发生整体的沉降与充填，沉积格局由西厚东薄反转为东厚西薄；铁热克阿瓦提组沉积期，盆地南部和北部发生强烈隆升，古地理格局具南北陆中间海的特征，南北向隆坳相间的格局定型。在塔里木地块与南部岛弧耦合作用不断加强的背景下，大量陆源碎屑的注入和盆内差异升降作用使得晚奥陶世构造沉积环境发生了快速变迁。奥陶纪末，在南北双向挤压背景下，大规模的海退和盆内物源区的出现使得塔里木盆地结束了震旦纪以来碳酸盐岩大面积发育的历史，标志着盆地演化进入一个新的阶段。
The Late Ordovician tectonic setting of the Tarim Basin experienced a rapid and drastic change. Restoring the prototype of the basin during this period will help reveal the evolution of the basin and the coupling between the basin and the mountain. Based on the latest drilling, seismic and outcrop data, taking the sedimentary facies as the research entity, combining basin filling and peripheral tectonic evolution and analyzing from point → line → surface, the authors reconstructed different periods of Late Ordovician in Tarim Basin ) Tectonic setting of sedimentary environment, and established the corresponding basin filling evolution and basin-mountain coupling style. In the depositional period of Tumu Shike Formation, deep-water basin sedimentary system of platform was submerged in western Tarim Basin, and exposed and eroded area was in Bachu-Tazhong and Tangnan. During the deposition of Lianglitage Formation, deep basin basin sedimentary system was developed in the western basin , In which the basin of the Tanggabasian carbonate in the eastern Yubei is inverted to a turbidite basin. During the sedimentary period of the Sangtamu Formation, the sedimentary system of the muddy turbidity basin developed in the western part of the basin is underdeveloped in Keping In the depositional period of the Tiekeke Awatti Formation, the vast areas in the western part of the basin are exposed and denuded areas, and detrital continental shelf sedimentary systems are developed. During the sedimentary period of the Tumu Shike Formation in the Santak Formation, the deep-water turbidite sedimentary system continued to develop in the eastern Tarim Basin; and during the depositional period of the Tiekewaawati Formation, it evolved into a detritus continental shelf sedimentary system. The study shows that the Late Ordovician in the Tarim Basin superimposed the north-south differentiation on the basis of the basin pattern of east-west differentiation: the difference between the Tumen Shike Group and the western part of the basin was significant during the depositional period, ; During the depositional period of the Liangtaigu Formation in the Litangage Formation, the whole sedimentation and filling occurred in the basin. The sedimentary pattern reversed from east to west and east to west in the Liangtaige Formation. During the depositional period of the Tiekewaawati Formation, the southern and northern parts of the basin Strong uplift occurred, the paleogeographic pattern with the characteristics of the South China Sea and the Middle Sea, North and South Long Ao phase pattern. Due to the increasing coupling between the Tarim block and the southern island arc, the massive deposition of terrigenous debris and the intra-basin differential lift make rapid changes in the tectonic-sedimentary environment of the Late Ordovician. At the end of Ordovician, under the background of the north-south two-way squeezing, the massive regression and the occurrence of provenances in the basin led to the end of the large-scale development of carbonate rocks in the Tarim Basin since Sinian, marking the evolution of the basin into A new stage