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朱熹在《楚辞集注》中,喜欢用“比”“兴”说诗,曾给《诗经》逐章标注“兴也”、“比也”、“赋也”。朱老夫子很有学问,也有文学眼光。他对“赋、比、兴”的解释,明确简约,毛泽东十分赞同并且引述。就是:“赋者,敷陈其事而直言之也。”“比者,以彼物比此物也。”“兴者,先言他物以引起所咏之辞也。”《离骚》经他一标注,对我们阅读很有帮助。本文就因他的标注的启发,谈一谈《离骚》的结构和修辞方面的若干特点。
Zhu Xi in the “Chuci Note”, like to use “than ” “Xing ” to say the poem, once to the “Book of Songs” chapter by chapter marked “Xing also ”, “than also ”, “ ”. Master Zhu is very knowledgeable and literary. His explanation of “Fu, than, Xing ”, clear and concise, Mao Zedong very much agree and quoted. That is: “Fu who apply their blame and bluntly. ” “Than those who object than this thing. ” “Hing, preface others to cause the chant of the speech also. ”“ Li Sao ”by him a mark, very helpful for us to read. This article, inspired by his annotation, talks about the structural and rhetorical aspects of Lisao.