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抗日战争初期,日本首相近卫文共发表三次对华声明,其主旨是对国民政府实行军事打击为主、政治诱降为辅的政策。1938年初,在日军攻陷南京、而日本诱迫国民政府投降毫无成效的情况下,日本对华政策变得强硬起来。1月16日,近卫发表首次对华声明,宣称其对华方针“今后不以国民政府为对手”,要另行扶植伪政权,欲以此施加政治压力,逼蒋介石投降。同月18日,近卫又发表所谓补充声明,进一步说明该方针“较之否认该政府更为强硬”。同年10月,广州、武汉沦陷,中日战争转向战略相持阶段。日本对国民政府改为政治诱降为主、军事打击为辅的政策,11月3日,近卫发表第二次对华声明。声明一方面继续威吓国民政府,另一方面改变了首次对华声明的强硬态度,以所谓“共同防共”、“建设东亚新秩序”为诱饵,向国民政府诱降,表示“如果国民政府抛弃以前的一贯政策,更换人事组织,取得新生的成果,参加新秩序的建设,我方并不予
In the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Japan’s Prime Minister Nankai made a total of three declarations to China on the basis of its policy of making the Kuomintang governed mainly by military strikes and supplemented by political entrapment. In the early 1938, Japan’s policy towards China became harder with the Japanese troops invaded Nanjing and Japan’s uselessness to lure the Kuomintang government into surrender ineffectively. On January 16, the Guards published their first statement to China declaring their principle of “going to China” not to use their national government as their opponent in the future. They must separately foster pseudo-political power by using political pressure to force Chiang Kai-shek to surrender. On the same month, on the 18th, Guwei also issued a so-called supplementary statement further stating that this guideline “is even tougher than deny the government.” In October the same year, Guangzhou and Wuhan fell and the Sino-Japanese war shifted to a phase of strategic stalemate. On the policy of Japan being mainly political entrapment by the Kuomintang government and supplemented by the military attack, Japan announced a second statement to China on November 3. While declaring that they will continue to intimidate the national government and on the other hand change the hard-line attitude of first declaring to China, they lured the Kuomintang government with the so-called “common prevention of communism” and “building a new East Asian order.” If the Kuomintang government abandoned the previous We have always adhered to policies, replaced personnel organizations, obtained freshmen’s achievements and participated in the construction of the new order.