论文部分内容阅读
目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)新生儿破伤风(Neonatal Tetaus,NT)的流行病学特征,为消除NT监测与策略的调整提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法分析1996~2007年NT监测资料。结果中国1996~2007年NT平均发病率0.19/1000活产儿,病死率13.66%;发病呈缓慢下降趋势,2~3年有一相对发病高峰,7~10月发病较多;病例呈散在分布,无明显地区聚集性。南部省份发病率高于其它省份;男女性别比为2.7∶1;病例发病年龄中位数7d;85.9%在家分娩,0.46%母亲接种了破伤风疫苗。结论非住院分娩是发生NT的主要危险因素。继续加强清洁接生的宣传,提高孕产妇对在家分娩危险性和住院分娩重要意义的认识。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal tetanus (Neonatal Tetaus, NT) in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan) and to provide basis for eliminating the need for NT monitoring and strategy adjustment. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze NT surveillance data from 1996 to 2007. Results The average incidence of NT in China was 0.19 / 1000 live births from 1996 to 2007, with a case fatality rate of 13.66%. The incidence showed a slowly decreasing trend with a relative incidence peak in 2 ~ 3 years and more incidence in July to October. The cases were scattered with no distribution Obvious regional aggregation. The incidence in southern provinces was higher than in other provinces; the sex ratio was 2.7: 1; the median age of onset was 7 days; 85.9% were delivered at home; and 0.46% of mothers were vaccinated against tetanus. Conclusion Non-hospital delivery is the main risk factor of NT. We will continue to step up publicity campaigns on clean deliveries and raise the awareness of pregnant women about the importance of childbirth at home and the importance of hospital delivery.