教育问责将学生的学业成就作为衡量学校产出的一个重要指标,这对校长领导力提出了新的挑战。澄清问责背景下校长领导力的知能基础、影响途径、与学生学业成就的关系,有助于更好地理解校长领导力的结构,进而提升校长的影响力。本文从系统的视角论述了校长在“制度规范”、“组织创设”、“人员发展”方面应具备的知能,及学校中的互动策略。并结合中国校长领导力的现状分析,提出改进的方向。 Accountability for education takes student achievement as an important measure of school output, which poses new challenges to school leadership. To clarify the knowledge base, the ways of influencing principals’ leadership, and their academic achievements in the context of accountability, it helps to better understand the structure of principal’s leadership and further enhance the influence of principals. This article discusses the principals’ knowledge of the “rules and regulations”, “organization creation” and “staff development” from the perspective of the system and the interactive strategies in schools. Combined with the analysis of the status quo of the leadership of China’s principals, put forward the direction of improvement.