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在测定固休线膨胀系数和金属材料杨氏模量等实验中,实验结果的精确程度的关键是微小变量△L的测定。因而怎样简便、快速而又精确地测定微小变量△L,既是这类实验的关键,又是这类实验的重点。实验室测定这一微小变量△L,普遍使用的传统方法是光杠杆——望远镜法或采用千分表、球径计等仪表。采用千分表等直读仪表的优点是测试简便、快速,读数直观。
The key to the accuracy of the experimental results in the determination of the coefficient of linear expansion of solid and the Young’s modulus of metallic materials is the determination of the small variable ΔL. Therefore, how to measure the small variable △ L simply, rapidly and accurately is not only the key of these experiments, but also the focus of such experiments. Laboratory determination of this small variable △ L, the traditional method is commonly used optical lever - telescope method or using dial indicator, ball diameter meter and other instruments. Advantages of using a direct dial gauge and other instruments is to test the simple, fast, intuitive readings.