人力资本是知识经济时代的核心资本要素,博士学位持有者是人力资本中的高端人才,科学研究和创造发明的主体,其职业发展状况和生存状况体现了一国对智力资源的重视程度和应用能力,也折射了一国科学研究从业人员的整体状况,应当在全球范围内建立广泛可比统计基础。OECD在“科学技术人力资本调查活动”的统计框架下设计和开展了针对博士学位持有者的调查活动。1995年,OECD和欧盟统计局出版了 Human capital is the core capital element of the era of knowledge economy. Ph.D. holders are the high-end talents in human capital, the main body of scientific research and invention creation, and their professional development and living conditions reflect the importance attached to intellectual resources in a country. Applied capabilities also reflect the overall picture of practitioners in a country's science research and should establish a broad base of comparable statistics across the globe. The OECD designed and conducted a survey of PhD holders under the statistical framework of “Science, Technology and Human Capital Surveys”. In 1995, OECD and Eurostat were published