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经典的抗代谢理论是基于如下概念:即一个在化学结构上与代谢物足够类似的物质可以干扰它的生物功能。自从有了这个假设以及磺胺与对氨基苯甲酸(PABA)的竞争作用和两者在化学上相似性得到证实以来,磺胺(SA)与其衍生物在此理论中起了十分重要的作用。根据这种设想,Bell和Roblin认为:“竞争者越近似于PABA酸,它的阻滞或制菌效应就越大。”故磺胺类同系列中的化合物在满足定性的化学相似性和对PABA竞争机理的要求时,其活性的降低是由于相似性降低所造成的。在提出一个能与抑菌效力顺序相对应的相似性顺序这一问题的同时还引起了在代谢物与其竞争者之间相似性本身的定义(和定量)的问题。
The classical anti-metabolic theory is based on the notion that a substance that is sufficiently similar in chemical structure to a metabolite can interfere with its biological function. Since this hypothesis and the competitive effect of sulfanilamide and p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and the chemical similarity between the two have been demonstrated, sulfonamides (SA) and their derivatives play a very important role in this theory. Based on this assumption, Bell and Roblin argue that “the closer a competitor is to PABA acid, the greater its block or bacteriostatic effect.” So the compounds in the sulfonamides family meet the criteria for qualitative chemical similarity and for PABA When competition is required, the reduction in activity is due to a decrease in similarity. The problem of defining a (similar) sequence of similarity to the antibacterial efficacy sequence also raises the definition (and quantification) of the similarity between the metabolites and their competitors.