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介词 without 与 with 一样,有一种特殊的用法,它可以带宾语+宾语补足语而形成一个复合结构,又称作复杂宾语(complexobject),宾语由名词或代词充当,宾语补足语可由形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式(以及它们的短语)充当。我们也可以将其视作一个逻辑上的主谓结构。without anybody stopping them(无人阻止他们)without any problem solved(没解决任何问题)without anything done(没做任何事)without any light on(没有一盏灯开着)without John being present(没有约翰在场)without a day so close and stuffy(没有一天这么闷)这个复合结构在句中主要充当状语,可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式、结果以及伴随情况等,也可以充当定语和宾语补足语。
There is a special usage of preposition without and with, which can bring object + object complement to form a compound structure, also called complexobject. The object is acted by nouns or pronouns. The complement of objects can be composed of adjectives, adverbs, Prepositional phrases, participles, infinitives (and their phrases) act as. We can also think of it as a logical subject-matter structure. without anybody stopping them without any resistance solved without anything done without anything without any light on without John being present without John present This compound structure is mainly used as an adverbial clause in sentences, which can represent time, reason, condition, method, result and the accompanying situation, and can also serve as an attributive and object complement.