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本文根据六年试验研究成果而撰写。试验揭示了河套灌区未被认识和重视的问题——二元(双层)结构水文地质问题,在灌区内具有一定代表性,对此进行了较系统的试验研究。文中简要介绍:在二元结构含水层中,上下两层水的水力学性质,相互水力联系及其变化规律;运用越流排泄理论,研究井排效果。文中还阐明在二元结构水文地质条件下,降低上层潜水水位,是通过降低下层半承压水水位而实现的。在这种条件下,若想孤立地去降低潜水位,不考虑下层向上越流补给,难以达到预期效果。本文重点述明:在二元结构水文地质条件下,井排是改良盐碱地的有效措施,并有其条件性。当K′/m′=0.01时,效果较好,当K′/m′=0.03时,效果较差。在井排的基础上,配合其他措施试区获得五年连续增产。在试验中,得到武汉水利电力学院张蔚臻教授、李文渊付教授的帮助,在此致谢。
This article is based on six years of experimental research. The experiment revealed the problem that Hetao Irrigation District has not been recognized and valued - the binary (double-layer) structural hydrogeology problem. It has some representativeness in the irrigation area and has carried on more systematic experimental research on it. In the brief introduction of the paper, in the binary aquifer, the hydraulic properties, mutual hydraulic connection and its variation of upper and lower two layers of water are studied. The theory of horizontal displacement is used to study the effect of well arrangement. The article also clarifies that in the binary structural hydrogeology, lowering the upper submersible water level is achieved by lowering the water level of the lower semi-confined water. Under such conditions, it would be difficult to achieve the desired effect without considering whether the lower stream should be diverted upward and downward in order to reduce the diving position in isolation. This article highlights: under the dual structural hydrogeology conditions, well row is an effective measure to improve saline-alkali land and has its conditions. When K ’/ m’ = 0.01, the effect is better, when K ’/ m’ = 0.03, the effect is poor. On the basis of well row, with the other measures to get five consecutive years of test area. In the experiment, thanks to Professor Zhang Weizhen and Professor Li Wenyuan Fu from Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering, thanks.