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随着农民工代际转换的加速,这一群体内部的公平偏好也出现较大差异,目前关于农民工公平感代际差异的研究集中在社会态度、经济地位、工作关系等宏观和中观层面,对基于社区场域的微观公平体验的代际比较则鲜有涉及。本文基于农民工社区公平感维度构成及影响因素的分析框架,采用模糊数学、分位数回归等方法系统分析了两代农民工社区公平感水平的差异及影响因素。研究发现,农民工的社区公平感水平偏低,新生代农民工的公平感整体上高于第一代,二者差距主要体现在互动公平感上。两代农民工社区公平感的影响机制出现分化,在比较维度上表现为第一代农民工社区公平感的“农民”身份偏好和新生代农民工的“社区成员”身份偏好,以及“暂居者”身份认知对社区公平感正向影响的代际分位差异;在体验维度上突出表现为适应程度对新生代农民工社区公平感的马太效应。研究可为推动针对农民工微观融入公平政策的分类细化和精准供给提供一定的实证依据。
With the acceleration of migrant workers ’intergenerational transfer, the fairness preferences of this group also show great differences. At present, the research on the intergenerational difference of migrant workers’ fairness focuses on the macro and meso perspectives such as social attitudes, economic status and working relations There are few intergenerational comparisons of microcosmic fairness experiences based on community fields. Based on the analysis of the composition of the sense of fairness of migrant workers’ community and its influencing factors, this paper systematically analyzes the differences and influencing factors of the level of community fairness of migrant workers in two generations by fuzzy mathematics and quantile regression. The study found that migrant workers’ sense of community fairness is low, the sense of fairness of new generation migrant workers is higher than that of the first generation as a whole, and the gap between the two is mainly reflected in the sense of interaction and fairness. The influence mechanism of two generations of peasant workers’ community equity shows the differentiation, and in the comparative dimension, it shows the identity preference of “peasant” and the “community member” identity of peasant workers in the first generation. As well as the intergenerational sub-quantile differences that the “temporary residents” identity positively affects on community fairness; and the Matthew effect which is manifested in the experience dimension as the fairness of the new generation migrant workers community. The research can provide certain empirical evidence for promoting the classification and precise supply of micro-integration of migrant workers’ fair policies.