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直接炼铅法中,有待解决的问题是损失于烟尘和炉渣中的铅量大,而且,为了获得硫含量低的铅,必须产出高PbO的炉渣。铅在铁酸盐渣中的溶解度,大约为在硅酸盐渣中溶解度的十分之一。因此,将硅酸盐炉渣改为炼铁酸盐渣,就有可能在铅回收率高的情况下产出低硫粗铅。本文根据热力学—化学计量计算,讨论了铁酸盐炉渣的适用性。因为铅在铁酸盐渣中的损失大大降低,所以铅(呈粗铅形态)的回收率很高,足以考虑精矿的直接熔炼。文章还提出了直接熔炼法的最佳条件,估算了过程的能耗。为了对新方法作出精确评价,需要对多组元体系进行进一步的实验研究。
In the direct lead smelting method, the problem to be solved is that the amount of lead lost to soot and slag is large, and that high PbO slag must be produced in order to obtain lead with a low sulfur content. Lead in ferrite slag solubility, about one-tenth of the solubility in silicate slag. Therefore, it is possible to convert low-sulfur crude lead with high lead recovery rates by changing silicate slag to iron-based slag. This article discusses the applicability of ferrite slags based on thermodynamic-stoichiometric calculations. Because lead is greatly reduced in ferrite slags, the recovery of lead (in the form of crude lead) is high enough to allow for direct smelting of concentrate. The paper also presents the best conditions for direct smelting and estimates the energy consumption of the process. In order to make an accurate assessment of the new method, further experimental studies of multicomponent systems are needed.