目的了解淮安市15~30岁常住居民健康素养水平分布状况,并探索其影响因素,为制定健康教育策略和措施提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,多阶段分层随机抽样,于2013年10至12月对淮安市15~69岁常住居民进行问卷调查,并对611份15~30岁常住居民问卷进行分析。对健康素养水平影响因素进行χ2检验和Logistic回归分析。结果 611名15~30岁常住居民具备健康素养水平的人数为118人,健康素养水平为19.3%。基本知识和理念、健康生活方式和行为、基本技能素养水平分别为35.0%、14.2%和25.7%。基本知识和理念、健康生活方式和行为、基本技能素养水平均随着文化程度升高而增高。家庭人均年收入是否高于10 000元、不同职业人群3个维度素养水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);健康生活方式和行为素养城市高于农村,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度对健康素养影响的OR(95%CI)值为1.639(1.245~2.158)、对基本知识和理念素养影响的OR(95%CI)值为1.833(1.459~2.302)、对健康生活方式和行为素养影响的OR(95%CI)值为1.793(1.296~2.480)、对基本技能素养影响的OR(95%CI)值为1.399(1.095~1.786);相对于农村,城市对健康生活方式和行为素养影响的OR(95%CI)值为1.897(1.036~3.471),相对于农民,脑力工作者对基本技能素养影响的OR(95%CI)值分为2.583(1.068~6.243)。均是相应健康素养的促进(危险)因素。结论淮安市15~30岁常住居民健康素养水平为19.3%,健康素养水平较低,应加强健康素养干预和监测研究,制定有效的对策和措施,促进健康素养水平的全面提高。 Objective To understand the distribution of health literacy of residents aged 15-30 in Huaian city and to explore the influencing factors to provide the basis for formulating health education strategies and measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted by means of multi-stage stratified random sampling. From October to December in 2013, a questionnaire survey was conducted on residents aged from 15 to 69 in Huaian City, and 611 questionnaires of residents aged 15-30 years were analyzed. The influencing factors of health literacy were analyzed by χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The number of 611 permanent residents aged 15-30 years with health literacy was 118, and the level of health literacy was 19.3%. Basic knowledge and concepts, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills attainment levels were 35.0%, 14.2% and 25.7% respectively. Basic knowledge and concepts, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills literacy levels increased with the education level. The per capita annual income of the family is higher than 10 000 yuan, and there are significant differences in the three literacy levels among different occupational groups (P <0.05). The healthy life style and behavior literacy are higher in the cities than in the rural areas (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the OR (95% CI) value of educational attainment for health literacy was 1.639 (1.245-2.158), and the OR (95% CI) for basic knowledge and ideality literacy was 1.833 (1.459-2.302) ), OR (95% CI) for health lifestyle and behavior literacy was 1.793 (1.296-2.480), and OR (95% CI) for basic skills literacy was 1.399 (1.095-1.786) , And the OR (95% CI) value of city to healthy lifestyles and behavior literacy was 1.897 (1.036 ~ 3.471). The OR (95% CI) value of mental workers to basic skills literacy relative to peasants was 2.583 1.068 ~ 6.243). Are all contributing (risk) factors to the corresponding health literacy. Conclusion The health literacy rate of residents aged 15-30 in Huai’an City is 19.3%, and the health literacy level is low. Health literacy intervention and monitoring research should be strengthened to formulate effective countermeasures and measures to promote the overall improvement of health literacy.