Hollow cylinders are widely used in spacecraft,rockets,weapons,metallurgy,materials,and mechanical manufacturing industries,and so on,hydraulic bulging roll cylinder and hydraulic press work all belong to hollow cylinders. However,up till now,the solution of the cylinder subjected to the pressures in the three-dimensional space is still at the stage of the analytical solution to the normal pressure or the approximate solution to the variable pressure by numerical method. The analytical solution to the variable pressure of the cylinder has not yet made any breakthrough in theory and can not meet accurate theoretical analysis and calculation requirements of the cylindrical in Engineering. In view of their importance,the precision calculation and theoretical analysis are required to investigate on engineering. A stress function which meets both the biharmonic equations and boundary conditions is constructed in the three-dimensional space. Furthermore,the analytic solution of a hollow cylinder subjected to exponential function distributed variable pressure on its inner and outer surfaces is deduced. By controlling the pressure subject to exponential function distributed variable pressure in the hydraulic bulging roller without any rolling load,using a static tester to record the strain supported hydraulic bulging roll,and comparing with the theoretical calculation,the experimental test result has a higher degree of agreement with the theoretical calculation. Simultaneously,the famous Lamè solution can be deduced when given the unlimited length of cylinder along the axis. The analytic solution paves the way for the mathematic building and solution of hollow cylinder with randomly uneven pressure. Hollow cylinders are widely used in spacecraft, rockets, weapons, metallurgy, materials, and mechanical manufacturing industries, and so on, hydraulic bulging roll cylinder and hydraulic press work all belong to hollow cylinders. However, till till now, the solution of the cylinder subjected to the pressures in the three-dimensional space is still at the stage of the analytical solution to the normal pressure or the approximate solution to the variable pressure by numerical method. The analytical solution to the variable pressure of the cylinder has not yet made any breakthrough in theory and can not meet accurate theoretical analysis and calculation requirements of the cylindrical in Engineering. In view of their importance, the precision calculation and theoretical analysis are required to investigate on engineering. A stress function which meets both the biharmonic equations and boundary conditions is constructed in the three-dimensional space. Furthermore, the analytic solution of a hollow cyli nder subjected to exponential function distributed variable pressure on the inner bulge roller and any pressure on the hydraulic bulging roller without any rolling load, using a static tester to record the strain supported hydraulic bulging roll , and comparing with the theoretical calculation, the experimental test result has a higher degree of agreement with the theoretical calculation. Simultaneously, the famous Lamè solution can be deduced when given the unlimited length of cylinder along the axis. The analytic solution paves the way for the mathematic building and solution of hollow cylinder with random uneven pressure.