成人呼吸窘迫综合征(Adult Respirafory Distress Syndrome简称ARDS)是包括严重呼吸困难、顽固性低氧血症、肺泡——动脉氧分压差增大,肺顺应性减低、胸部X线检查呈弥漫性肺浸润、而左房充盈压正常的一组综合征。为多种临床情况下肺损伤最后阶段的共同表现。发生于无慢性肺疾患、无左心衰竭的患者。1977年世界卫生组织统计其死亡率为76%;1984年美国报道其死亡率约为60%,其中90%在发病后两周内死亡。我国第三军医大学第二附属医院报告21例患者12例死亡,其中10例为ARDS本身不能救治而死。创伤后死于呼吸衰竭的病例,早在第一和第二次世界大战期间已有发现。当时称之为“创伤性湿肺”。五十和六十年代发现了更多与创伤、烧伤、败血症等有关的呼吸衰竭,曾称之为“休克肺” Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a disorder that includes severe dyspnea, refractory hypoxemia, increased alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure differential, reduced lung compliance, and diffuse lung x-ray findings Infiltration, and left atrial filling pressure normal group syndrome. For a variety of clinical conditions, the common manifestations of the final stage of lung injury. Occurs in patients without chronic lung disease, no left heart failure. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization in 1977, the mortality rate was 76%. In 1984, the United States reported a mortality rate of 60%, of which 90% died within two weeks after onset. The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University reported 21 patients died of 12 patients, of which 10 were died of ARDS itself can not be treated. Cases of post-traumatic death from respiratory failure have been discovered as early as the First and Second World Wars. At the time called “traumatic wet lung.” In the 1950s and 1960s, more respiratory failure associated with trauma, burns, sepsis and more was identified as “shock lungs”