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本文是对中国湖北省丹江口市官山镇观音堂村的一个汉族葬礼的田野考察和文化解析。全文描述了整个葬礼的全过程以及汉族民间歌师在葬礼过程中的独特作用,不仅有葬礼的具体程序描述,也有歌师所演唱的具有代表性的民歌的内容,文章还对该葬礼仪式置于先秦以来的中国礼仪历史和现代文化的语境中进行了表述与分析。特别是,从民间歌师的角度来观察葬礼,使我们能够更清楚地看到乡土文化的创造者和守护者在文化传统的延续中所发挥的独特作用。
This article is a field investigation and cultural analysis of a Han national funeral at Guanyintang Village, Guanshan Town, Danjiangkou City, Hubei Province, China. The whole article describes the whole process of the funeral and the unique function of the Han national folk singer during the funeral process. The funeral ceremony not only includes the description of the funeral process, but also the representative folk song sung by the singer. Since the pre-Qin etiquette of the history of China and the context of modern culture were described and analyzed. In particular, observing funerals from the perspective of folk singers allows us to see more clearly the unique role played by creators and keepers of local culture in the continuation of cultural traditions.