实验已证明动物耳蜗发育过程中存在着对听力损害因素高度敏感期，此期正处于耳蜗解剖生理快速发育期，且还经历了许多生化和分子生物学变化。氨基糖甙类抗生素是生后儿童致聋最常见药物，其发生率与年龄、药物种类、疗程剂量、围产期并发症、与其它耳毒性药物及铁剂联合使用以及遗传因素有关。其它致聋药物有髓袢利尿剂、抗肿瘤药及去铁胺等。 Experiments have shown that during the process of cochlear development, there is a highly sensitive period for hearing impairment. This period is under the rapid development of cochlear anatomy and physiology, and has undergone many biochemical and molecular biological changes. Aminoglycoside antibiotics are the most common drugs for deafness in children after birth. The incidence of aminoglycoside antibiotics is related to age, drug type, dosage, perinatal complications, combined with other ototoxic drugs and iron and genetic factors. Other deafness drugs medulla oblongata, anti-cancer drugs and deferoxamine.