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针对绿洲区存在的土壤盐化制约干旱区农业可持续发展问题,应用面域土壤信息调研采集,结合地统计学与GIS技术对新疆典型绿洲区土壤盐分空间变异特征进行研究。研究结果表明:0～30cm耕层土壤盐分呈现强变异性,30cm以下土层呈现中等变异。各土层土壤盐分均呈现中等空间自相关性,空间相关距离在24～28km范围内。各等级盐化土在不同深度土层的分布方位基本一致。各土层非盐化土面积均占主导地位,都占研究区总面积的69%以上;其次为轻度盐化土面积,占研究区总面积的19%～30%;各土层中度盐化土面积都在3.4%以下;重度盐化土仅在0～30cm土层有极少量分布。随着土层深度的增加,非盐化土和中度盐化土的面积逐渐减小,轻度盐化土面积逐渐增大。本研究对于指导干旱区绿洲农业生产、保障区域土壤资源可持续合理利用具有重要的理论价值和明确的实际应用前景。
Aiming at the problem of soil salinization in oasis area restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in arid areas, the spatial variability of soil salinity in the typical oasis area of Xinjiang was studied by using area soil information survey collection and geography statistics and GIS technology. The results showed that the salt content of 0-30 cm topsoil showed strong variability, and the soil below 30 cm showed medium variation. The soil salinity in each soil layer showed medium spatial autocorrelation, and the spatial correlation distance was in the range of 24 ~ 28km. All levels of saline soil in different depths of the distribution of soil is basically the same direction. The non-salty soil area of each soil layer dominates, accounting for more than 69% of the total area of the study area, followed by mild saline soil area, accounting for 19% to 30% of the total area of the study area. Salt soil area is below 3.4%; heavy saline soil only in 0 ~ 30cm soil layer has a very small amount of distribution. With the increase of soil depth, the area of non-saline soil and medium salt soil gradually decreased, and the area of lightly saline soil increased gradually. This study has important theoretical value and clear practical application prospects for guiding the oasis agricultural production in arid areas and ensuring the sustainable and rational utilization of soil resources in the region.