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目的总结肾移植的经验,改善移植效果和提高长期存活率。方法收集140例次肾移植的资料,分析组织配型、排斥反应、并发症、免疫抑制剂的使用对肾移植效果的影响和移植后的死亡原因。结果肾移植后1、3和5年人/肾存活率分别为92.3%/89.1%、76.2%/70.1%和65.3%/61.5%。8例发生超急排斥反应,急性排斥反应24例,慢性排斥反应16例。50例死亡病例中,感染占30%,肝损害12%。结论充分的术前准备、良好的组织配型、手术后并发症的防治、感染的治疗、免疫抑制剂的合理使用和规范的随访是改善人/肾存活率的重要因素。
Objective To summarize the experience of kidney transplantation, to improve the transplantation effect and to improve the long-term survival rate. Methods The data of 140 cases of renal transplantation were collected and the effects of tissue matching, rejection, complications and the use of immunosuppressive agents on renal transplantation and the causes of death after transplantation were analyzed. Results The human / kidney survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years after kidney transplantation were 92.3% / 89.1%, 76.2% / 70.1% and 65.3% / 61.5%, respectively. In 8 cases, hyperacute rejection occurred. There were 24 cases of acute rejection and 16 cases of chronic rejection. Of the 50 deaths, 30% were infected and 12% were liver damage. Conclusions Adequate preoperative preparation, good tissue matching, prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, treatment of infection, rational use of immunosuppressive agents and standard follow-up are important factors to improve the survival rate of human / kidney.