目的：建立一种快速ＡＢＯ血型基因检测的方法。方法：通过ＡＢＯ血型基因中几个不同位点的差异设计出特异性引物，采用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＰ技术特异性地扩增Ａ、Ｂ、Ｏ基因，以此对２４０名献血者进行了ＡＢＯ血型的基因型多态性分析。结果：ｐ基因频率０．２２９２，ｑ基因频率０．２１２５，ｒ基因频率０．５６８３。结论：该方法简单、快速，可鉴定出６种ＡＢＯ血型基因型ＡＢ、ＡＡ、ＡＯ、ＢＢ、ＢＯ、ＯＯ。 Objective: To establish a rapid ABO blood group gene detection method. Methods: Specific primers were designed according to the differences of ABO blood group genes. PCR-SSP was used to amplify A, B and O genes specifically, and 240 blood donors were subjected to ABO blood group Polymorphism analysis. Results: p gene frequency 0.2292, q gene frequency 0.2125, r gene frequency 0.5683. Conclusion: The method is simple and rapid and can identify six ABO genotypes AB, AA, AO, BB, BO, OO.