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目的对2012年-2013年柯桥区190例手足口病(HFMD)病例进行病原学分析,为手足口病防控提供依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法,对病例标本进行EV、EV71和CoxA16的核酸检测。结果 2012年和2013年EV71和CoxA16阳性率分别为23.97%、51.24%和42.03%、14.49%,结果差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2012年病原以CoxA16为主,2013年病原以EV71为主;发病高峰出现在每年的5月-6月,EV阳性病例中5岁以下儿童占92.70%;不同性别儿童EV、EV71和CoxA16阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肛拭子标本EV检出率高于咽拭子标本,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同发病与采样时间间隔EV检出率有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论引起2012年和2013年柯桥区手足口病的主要病原体分别为CoxA16和EV71;每年5-6月为发病高峰,5岁以下儿童是EV感染的高危人群;标本类型、采样与发病时间间隔均与EV检出率密切相关。
Objective To analyze the etiology of 190 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) from 2012 to 2013 in Keqiao District, and to provide basis for prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods The real-time fluorescence RT-PCR method was used to detect the nucleic acid of EV, EV71 and CoxA16. Results The positive rates of EV71 and CoxA16 in 2012 and 2013 were 23.97%, 51.24% and 42.03%, 14.49%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). In 2012, the positive rate of CoxA16 was EV71 The incidence peak appeared in May-June of each year, and 92.70% of children under 5 years of age were positive in EV positive cases. There was no significant difference in the positive rates of EV, EV71 and CoxA16 between children of different sex (P> 0.05) The detection rate of EVs in sub-specimens was higher than that of throat swabs, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The detection rate of EV in different incidence and sampling time intervals was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The major pathogens causing hand-foot-mouth disease in Keqiao District in 2012 and 2013 are CoxA16 and EV71 respectively. The peak incidence is from May to June each year and children under 5 years old are at high risk of EV infection. The types of specimens, sampling and onset time interval Both are closely related to the detection rate of EV.