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大豆孢囊线虫病是严重制约大豆生产的重要世界性病害,黑龙江省是我国大豆的主产区域之一,田间种植抗线3号生理小种的品种抗性已减弱甚至丧失,但线虫具体发生怎样的变异还不清楚。目前,Riggs和Schmit的鉴别标准已不能满足当前小种的鉴定,通过线虫的卵量来比较鉴别寄主的抗性差异可能将是更进一步分析小种变异的重要指标之一。本研究在田间鉴别寄主初步鉴定变异的地块,采取了安达地区两个地点的土样进行单孢囊分离培养和温室生理小种鉴定,同时也采取了山东泰安4号生理小种的田间土样作为对照。每个土样进行单孢囊繁殖,然后扩繁接种鉴别寄主,35 d~40 d后调查植株根表和土壤里的雌虫总数,再研磨雌虫收集卵量。利用孢囊的雌虫指数温室盆栽结果鉴定出安达的两个土样和山东的样品都是4号生理小种,但是通过线虫卵量和对照感病品种Lee比较,却发现安达的两个样品和山东的4号样品有很大的差异。田间初步实验和温室盆栽鉴定结果表明安达地区3号生理小种已经发生变异,温室试验表明该地区存在4号小种,且小种的毒性有明显的分化。图2,表2,参15。
Soybean cyst nematode is one of the most important worldwide diseases which restrict soybean production severely. Heilongjiang Province is one of the main producing areas of soybean in our country. The resistance of varieties planted in field to resistant line No.3 has been weakened or even lost, but the occurrence of nematodes What kind of variation is not clear. At present, the identification criteria of Riggs and Schmit can not meet the current identification of races. The comparison of host resistance differences by nematode eggs may be one of the important indicators for further analysis of races. In this study, we identified the host in the field to identify the initial variation of the plots, took two soil samples from Anda region for single cyst culture and greenhouse physiological races identification, but also to take the Tai’an 4 Shandong races soil Kind of as a control. Each soil sample was propagated by single cysts and then propagated for inoculation to identify the host. After 35 d to 40 d, the total number of females in the root and soil of the plants was investigated, and then the females collected from the females. According to the result of greenhouse pot experiment, the two soil samples of Anda and Shandong were all identified as Physiological No.4 rachis. However, compared with the control susceptible cultivar Lee, it was found that two of Anda Samples and Shandong No. 4 samples are very different. Preliminary experiments in the field and identification of potted plants in greenhouse indicated that the physiological race 3 in Anda region had been mutated. The greenhouse test showed that there was a race 4 in the area, and the toxicity of the race breed was obviously differentiated. Figure 2, Table 2, reference 15.