目前,多数文献的研究重点是引起药物不良反应率的原因及其解决对策,而未从药物决策者的角度进行相关研究。本文运用博弈论原理,研究制药企业、患者、医生三者在决定药物不良反应率时的决策,如何实现博弈均衡。结论是企业与患者博弈中,不良反应率的增加会提高社会成本;医生参与决策,会有利于降低不良反应率,但会有可能增加患者的成本。 At present, the majority of literature focuses on the causes of adverse drug reaction rates and their solutions, but not from the perspective of drug decision-makers to conduct relevant research. In this paper, the game theory is used to study the decision-making of pharmaceutical companies, patients and doctors in determining the adverse drug reaction rate and how to achieve a balanced game. The conclusion is that in the game between enterprise and patient, the increase of adverse reaction rate will increase the social cost. Physician participation in decision-making will help reduce the rate of adverse reaction, but may increase the patient's cost.