自从科学进入中学课堂以来,实验教学就是理科课程中的一个重要议题。本文主要依据国际科学教育文献对实验教学的相关问题进行了探讨。首先,文章回顾了实验教学的起源与发展、实验教学目标的演变,然后对实验教学在实施过程中存在的问题从教育制度、教师、学生和实验教材四个方面进行了概括与分析。文章最后结合我国理科课程中实验教学的问题对有效地开展实验教学提出了建议。 Since science entered the middle school classroom, experimental teaching is an important topic in the science curriculum. This paper mainly based on the international science education literature on experimental teaching related issues were discussed. First of all, the article reviews the origin and development of experimental teaching and the evolution of experimental teaching objectives. Then it summarizes and analyzes the problems existing in the implementation of experimental teaching from four aspects: education system, teachers, students and experimental teaching materials. Finally, the article puts forward some suggestions to carry out experimental teaching effectively with the experimental teaching in our science course.