通过观察不同温度退火后钢的金相组织,测量了晶粒的大小和铁损。通过对比添加和未添加合金元素的金相组织,研究了合金元素对高硅钢组织及性能的影响。结果表明:随退火温度的升高,试样的晶粒明显增大,而且更加均匀,经1100℃退火后试样的晶粒均为等轴状;当退火温度低于1050℃时,随着退火温度的升高,材料晶粒尺寸变大,矫顽力和磁滞损耗降低,导致铁损降低;当退火温度高于1050℃时,材料的涡流损耗的增大幅度大于磁滞损耗的减少量,使得铁损上升;合金元素Cu、Cr和Cu、Mn的复合添加能够细化晶粒,但会导致磁滞损耗增加,使铁损升高。 By observing the microstructure of the steel after annealing at different temperatures, the grain size and iron loss were measured. The effects of alloying elements on microstructures and properties of high-silicon steel were studied by comparing the microstructure with and without added alloying elements. The results show that as the annealing temperature increases, the grain size of the sample increases obviously and more uniformly. The grain size of the sample annealed at 1100 ℃ is equiaxed. When the annealing temperature is lower than 1050 ℃, When the annealing temperature is higher than 1050 ℃, the increase of the eddy current loss is larger than that of the hysteresis loss. When the annealing temperature is higher than 1050 ℃, the grain size of the material increases and the coercive force and hysteresis loss decrease. The iron loss increases; the addition of alloying elements Cu, Cr and Cu, Mn can refine the grains, but the hysteresis loss will increase and the iron loss will increase.