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【目的】研究不同磷效率棉花品种的根系形态和磷酸酶活性对不同供磷强度的响应。【方法】以前期筛选获得的磷高效品种新陆早19号和磷低效品种新陆早13号为材料,通过营养液培养比较不同供磷强度下各品种生物量、磷含量、根系形态和磷酸酶活性的变化。【结果】供磷强度达到50μmol·L~(-1)后,棉花生物量和根系长度不再随供磷强度增加而增加。棉花根表分泌磷酸酶活性随供磷强度增加而急剧下降,营养液实际p H下根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶活性与植株磷浓度显著负相关。根系形态对供磷强度的响应不敏感,仅在不供磷与供磷条件下存在显著差异。2个品种在磷效率方面的差异主要表现在磷的利用效率上,在供磷强度为0~250μmol·L~(-1)条件下,新陆早19号的磷利用效率显著高于新陆早13号。【结论】棉花根系形态特征参数和根系分泌质子与有机酸的数量对供磷强度的响应不敏感。不同磷利用效率品种的发现对于今后棉花节磷增效的生物学潜力与调控途径的研究提供了十分有效的实验材料。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of root morphology and phosphatase activity of cotton cultivars with different P-efficiency to different P-supplying intensities. 【Method】 The phosphorus-efficient variety Xinluzao 19 and phosphorus-inefficient variety Xinluzao 13 were screened at the earlier stage for the comparison of biomass, phosphorus content, root morphology, Changes in phosphatase activity. 【Result】 The results showed that the biomass and root length of cotton no longer increased with the increase of P supply when the P concentration reached 50 μmol·L -1. The root exudative phosphatase activity of cotton roots decreased sharply with the increase of phosphorus supply, and the acid phosphatase activity secreted by the roots of nutrient solution under p H was negatively correlated with the plant phosphorus concentration. The root morphology was not sensitive to the response of P supply intensity, only significant difference existed in the condition of non-P supply and P supply. The differences in phosphorus efficiency of the two cultivars were mainly reflected in the phosphorus use efficiency. Under the conditions of 0 ~ 250μmol·L -1 phosphorus supply, the phosphorus use efficiency of Xinluzao 19 was significantly higher than that of Xinlu As early as 13. 【Conclusion】 The morphological characteristics of cotton roots and the number of proton and organic acids secreted by roots are not sensitive to the intensity of phosphorus supply. The discovery of different phosphorus use efficiency varieties provides a very effective experimental material for the study on the biological potential and regulation pathways of cotton P efficiency in the future.