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2009年采用大区试验,在前茬小麦免耕和耕作方式下,自然条件下对夏玉米田进行土壤含水量变化及夏玉米产量比较研究。结果表明,2009年夏玉米整个生育期降雨量为339.5 mm,前茬小麦两种耕作方式在不同时期不同土层的土壤平均含水量都在13%以上,并且两种方式不同土层平均含水量差异不显著;在夏玉米需水高峰期,相应的有效降水使土壤含水量能够满足夏玉米生长的需要。前茬小麦免耕和耕作下玉米平均产量分别为7 839.2、8 074.5 kg/hm2,差异不显著。因此,前茬小麦免耕可节省劳动量,防止水土流失,保护土壤结构,消除犁底层对作物根系生长与养分吸收的影响。
In 2009, a large area experiment was conducted to study the changes of soil moisture content and summer maize yield in summer maize field under the condition of no-tillage and tillage under the previous crop condition. The results showed that the rainfall of summer maize in the whole growth period in 2009 was 339.5 mm. The average soil water content in different soil layers of the two successive tillage methods was above 13% The difference was not significant. At the peak of summer maize water demand, the corresponding effective rainfall could make the soil water content meet the needs of summer maize growth. The average yield of pre-crop wheat and no-tillage corn was 7839.2 and 8 074.5 kg / hm2, respectively, with no significant difference. Therefore, the no-tillage of wheat in the previous crop can save labor, prevent soil erosion, protect the soil structure and eliminate the influence of the plow on the crop root growth and nutrient uptake.