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目的 探讨经终板入路相关的显微解剖结构。方法 在手术显微镜下观测15例尸颅的终板、视上隐窝及相邻结构。结果 终板自前连合伸至视交叉中部,大部分区域厚度在0.25mm左右,平均曲长为（14.1×2.7）mm,最大宽度为5.0mm。视上隐窝位于视交叉后半中线区的上面,平均长度为（5.8×1.3）mm,前缘高度0～0.4mm,后缘高度0.6～2.4mm。相邻第三脑室的平均宽度为（2.21×1.1）mm。前交通动脉位于终板正上方者不足1/4。结论 经终板入路是打开终板后所获得的手术通路,大致呈梯形,后界是被后推的前交通动脉及两侧A1段;前界为视交叉后上缘;侧边为下丘脑组织及视束。中嵴或中央区高起是鉴别终板的重要标志,在视交叉前缘11mm后方沿中线上切开终板常是安全的。
Objective To investigate the microsurgical anatomy via endplate approach. Methods Fifteen cases of cadaveric endplate were observed under the operation microscope under the visual crypt and adjacent structures. Results The end plate was extended from the anterior commissure to the middle of optic chiasm. Most of the region had a thickness of about 0.25 mm with an average length of (14.1 × 2.7) mm and a maximum width of 5.0 mm. The supraoptic recess is located above the midsection of the optic chiasm with an average length of (5.8 × 1.3) mm, a leading edge height of 0 to 0.4 mm and a trailing edge height of 0.6 to 2.4 mm. The average width of the adjacent third ventricle was (2.21 × 1.1) mm. Anterior traffic artery is located above the end plate less than 1/4. Conclusions The endplate approach is the surgical pathway obtained after the endplate is opened, and is generally trapezoidal. The posterior boundary is the posterior communicating artery and the A1 segment on both sides of the posterior communicating artery. The anterior border is the upper posterior border of the optic chiasm. Thalamic tissue and visual tract. Cirsium or central area is an important indicator of the identification of the end plate, the rear of the optic chiasm along the midline 11mm behind the end plate is often safe to cut.