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印度板块的北缘,作为冈瓦纳大陆的一部分,自奥陶纪至早始新世,已面向特提斯海约400Ma。在古特提斯海时,继泛非造山旋回后,远离于现在的喜马拉雅北部处,“大印度”有了它的海岸。因此,印度西北部中古生代层序中记录的边缘史是不完全的。只是在早二叠世,随着冈瓦纳大陆周围微板块和地体的分离,特提斯海的一个新分支才开始出现于现在的印度河—雅鲁藏布江缝合线的附近。从二叠纪至早始新世,特提斯海喜马拉雅的沉积序列记录了一个完整的200多米长的被动边缘演变,
The northern margin of the Indian plate, as part of the Gondwana continent, has been facing the Tethys Sea at about 400 Ma since the Ordovician to early Eocene. In the ancient Tethys Sea, following Pan-African orogeny, away from the present north of the Himalayas, “Great India” has its shores. Therefore, the marginal history recorded in the Mesozoic sequence in northwestern India is incomplete. It is only in the Early Permian that a new branch of the Tethys began to appear in the vicinity of the current Indus-Brahmaputra suture along with the separation of microplates and terrain around the Gondwanaland. From the Permian to the early Eocene, the depositional sequence of the Tethys Himalayan recorded a complete passive edge evolution of more than 200 meters in length,