我国的水运资源十分丰富,优良的港湾星罗棋布。在1.8万多公里大陆海岸线、1.4万多公里岛屿海岸线和11万多公里内河航道上,分布着众多的港口,其中年吞吐量万吨以上的就有2000多个。目前,我国（除港、澳、台地区外,下同）已有124个港口对外开放,每年接纳100多个国家和地区的3万多艘船舶,全国90％以上的外贸货物经过港口进口和出口。港口,作为水陆交通的枢纽、客货集散的中心、对外开放的门户,在国民经济建设和对外贸易中发挥着重要的作用。现在,我国不仅是个海运大国,而且也是个港口大国。然而,自1986年《中华人民共和国海港管理暂行条例》被废止后,在规范我国港口行政管理行为,调整港口经营中各种民事法律关系方面,便缺少了相应的专项法律。因此,尽快制定一部符合我国国情的《港口法》,实现以法治港、建港、管港,促进港口事业的发展,不仅是全国交通系统的迫切希望,而且全国其他部门对此也十分重视,甚至国外对我国制定《港口法》亦颇为关注。由于《港口法》在制定过程中面临的困难很多,比如:港口体制改革的不断深化,必然触及到一系列深层次的问题,《港口法》如何保障港口体制改革的顺利进行?港口作为水陆交通的枢纽,“客流”和“物流”都要通过这个“联结点”集散和转运,必然要和各部门发生种种联系。 China’s water resources are very rich, excellent harbor dotted. In more than 18,000 kilometers of the mainland coastline, more than 14,000 kilometers of island coastline and more than 110,000 kilometers of inland waterway, there are many ports, of which more than 2,000 tons of annual throughput of more than 2,000. At present, 124 ports in China (except Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) have been opened to the outside world each year. They have adopted more than 30,000 vessels each year in more than 100 countries and regions. Over 90% of the country’s foreign trade goods have been imported through ports and Export. As a hub of water and land transportation, the port, the hub of passenger and cargo distribution and the gateway to opening up, plays an important role in the construction of national economy and foreign trade. Now, not only is China a big maritime power, but also a port state. However, since the “Provisional Regulations of the People’s Republic of China for the Administration of the Harbor” was abolished in 1986, there was a lack of corresponding special laws in regulating the port administration in our country and in adjusting various civil legal relations in port operations. Therefore, as soon as possible to formulate a “port law” that is in line with China’s national conditions and realize the development of the port by virtue of law, port construction and port administration are not only the urgent hope of the national transportation system, but also attach great importance to this by other departments in the country Even the foreign countries are quite concerned about the “Port Law” formulated by our country. As the “Port Law” has many difficulties in the process of its formulation, for example, the continuous deepening of the reform of the port system necessarily involves a series of deep-seated problems. How can the Port Law guarantee the smooth progress of the reform of the port system? The port, as a land and sea transport Of the hub, “passenger flow” and “logistics” must be through this “junction” distribution and transshipment, there must be all kinds of contact with various departments.