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目的:测定四川平武县不同产地天麻中矿质元素含量,分析其特征性元素及综合得分,确定其地域分布特征,为天麻资源开发利用与质量控制提供理论依据。方法:采用DRC-E法测定不同产地天麻中矿质元素含量,并对测定结果进行主成分分析和聚类分析。结果:四川平武县12个产地天麻矿质元素含量有所不同,各产地样品中Cu和Zn元素的含量均较高。6种矿质元素之间存在一定的相关关系,其中Ni与Zn,Ni与Cu,Zn与Cu呈极显著正相关关系,Cr与V呈显著性负相关关系。经主成分分析选取的3个主成分累积贡献率达90.937%,其中第1主成分的方差贡献率为43.790%,Ni、Cu和Zn为天麻的主要代表元素。聚类分析将12个产地的天麻按地域分为4大类。结论:Ni、Cu和Zn为天麻的特征性元素。平武的锁江乡、木皮藏族乡和坝子乡3个产地天麻矿质元素综合得分均较高。在平武县的不同产地天麻中矿质元素含量存在差异且呈现地域性特征,与海拔高度密切相关。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the content of mineral elements in Gastrodia elata Blume from different habitats in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province, analyze its characteristic elements and comprehensive scores, and determine its regional distribution characteristics, providing a theoretical basis for the exploitation, utilization and quality control of Gastrodia elata Blume. Methods: DRC-E method was used to determine the content of mineral elements in Gastrodia elata Blume from different areas, and the principal component analysis and clustering analysis were carried out. Results: The contents of mineral elements in Tianma were different in 12 producing areas in Pingwu County, Sichuan Province. The contents of Cu and Zn in the samples from different producing areas were higher. There is a certain correlation between the six mineral elements, of which Ni and Zn, Ni and Cu, Zn and Cu showed a significant positive correlation, Cr and V was significantly negatively correlated. The principal components of the three principal components selected by the principal component analysis cumulative contribution rate of 90.937%, of which the first principal component variance contribution rate was 43.790%, Ni, Cu and Zn are the main representative elements of Gastrodia elata. Cluster analysis divides 12 fields of Tianma into 4 categories by geographical area. Conclusion: Ni, Cu and Zn are the characteristic elements of Gastrodia elata. Pingwu lock Township, Mupi Tibetan Township and Bazi Township, Tianma three production elements have higher comprehensive score. There are differences in the mineral elements contents in Tianma from different areas in Pingwu County, showing the regional characteristics and closely related to the altitude.