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通过数学模型证明:水权交易既可以改善有限水量的整体使用效率,也可以改善各交易用水户的净收益,即水权可交易时的用水效率高于水权不可交易时的用水效率。但是,由于水的特性,在水权交易过程中存在较大的外部效果,可能造成交易费用过高,从而使得水权交易变得不可行。因此必须通过制定诸多法律、规范明确水权交易主体的权利与责任,使得水权交易在交易双方获益的情况下,尽量不对环境及其他用水户产生负面影响,真正提高水资源的配置效率。
The mathematic model proved that the water right transaction can both improve the overall efficiency of the limited water consumption and improve the net income of each trading user, that is, the water efficiency when the water rights tradable is higher than the water efficiency when the water rights are not traded. However, due to the nature of water, there is a large external effect in the process of water rights trading, which may result in excessive transaction costs, thus rendering water rights trading impractical. Therefore, many laws must be formulated to regulate the rights and responsibilities of the subject of water rights transaction so that water rights transactions will not adversely affect the environment and other water users as far as possible, so as to truly improve the efficiency of water resources allocation.