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利用湟水流域已有文献中38个农田耕层(0~20cm)土壤全氮数据,采用传统统计学与地统计学相结合的方法,分析了该流域农田土壤全氮空间分布及影响因素。结果表明:土壤全氮均值为1.33g·kg~(-1),变异系数为47.37%,属中等变异。流域农田土壤全氮呈自北向南逐渐递减,由东向西先增加后减少的空间分布格局。按全国土壤全氮分级标准,高值区(>1.50g·kg~(-1))集中在海拔较高的大通县、海晏县,低值区(<1.00g·kg~(-1))集中于海拔稍低的民和县、湟中县,65.5%的区域达全国平均水平(1.30g·kg~(-1))。影响因子定量分析表明,不同的气候因子、土壤类型、海拔、施肥量都会影响该流域土壤全氮的空间分布,其中气温、海拔、降水为主要影响因子,对全氮变异的独立解释能力分别为35.7%、29.0%、21.3%。该研究初步揭示了湟水流域农田土壤全氮的空间分布特征,可为流域尺度农田的科学管理提供有益参考,并为合理开展施肥工作提供参考依据。
Based on the data of soil total nitrogen in 38 farmland topsoils (0 ~ 20cm) in Huangshui River Basin, the spatial distribution of total nitrogen in farmland soil and its influencing factors were analyzed by the combination of traditional statistics and geo-statistics. The results showed that the mean value of soil total nitrogen was 1.33g · kg -1 and the coefficient of variation was 47.37%. The total nitrogen in farmland soil in the basin decreased gradually from north to south and then increased and then decreased from east to west. According to the national classification standard of soil total nitrogen, the high value areas (> 1.50g · kg -1) were concentrated in Datong County, Haiyan County and low value areas (<1.00g · kg -1) ) Were concentrated in Minhe County and Langzhong County, with slightly lower elevation. 65.5% of the population reached the national average (1.30g · kg -1). Quantitative analysis of influencing factors showed that different climatic factors, soil types, elevation and fertilizer application all affected the spatial distribution of soil total nitrogen, of which temperature, altitude and precipitation were the main influencing factors, and the independent explanatory power of total nitrogen variation was 35.7%, 29.0%, 21.3%. The study initially revealed the spatial distribution characteristics of total nitrogen in farmland so as to provide a useful reference for the scientific management of farmland-sized farmland and provide a reference for the reasonable application of fertilization.