肺结核已成为世界范围的健康问题。早期诊断和治疗是控制此病的重要部分。疾的直接涂片是一种简便快捷的诊断方法，但却受到低灵敏度的限制。对经支气管活俭的活组织学检查，纤维支气管镜在肺结核的早期诊断方面是有用的。另外，通过扩增结核杆菌DNA进行诊断的PCR技术也已得到 Tuberculosis has become a worldwide health problem. Early diagnosis and treatment is an important part of controlling the disease. A direct smear of disease is a quick and easy method of diagnosis, but it is limited by low sensitivity. For bronchial thrombosis biopsy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the early diagnosis of tuberculosis is useful. In addition, PCR techniques for diagnosing by amplifying Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA have also been obtained