铁道车辆上装备了越来越多的电气设备,电气元器件和电子基板的失效、锡焊状态不良往往事前并无征兆,其失效很难预防。由500系电动车组电子基板劣化和舌簧继电器及电解电容器状态不良导致的电气元器件故障率在增大,通过现场数据解析,找出了故障原因,提出了预防故障的对策及方法。 Railway vehicles equipped with more and more electrical equipment, electrical components and electronic substrate failure, poor soldering status often without prior indications, the failure is difficult to prevent. The failure rate of electrical components caused by the deterioration of the electronic substrate of the 500-series electric-driven vehicle unit and the state of the reed relay and the electrolytic capacitor is increasing. By analyzing the field data, the cause of the fault is found, and the countermeasure and the method for preventing the fault are put forward.