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以典型的上行开采为工程背景,采用现场实测、物理模拟和数值计算相结合的综合研究方法,对上行开采上覆岩层应力场、裂隙场进行了研究,并分析侧压系数、断面形状、围岩强度等因素对围岩稳定性影响,揭示了上行开采采动应力分区特征及裂隙呈分域特性的时空演化规律,得到了基于采动巷道围岩稳定性的上行开采顶板岩层区划和巷道布置,将覆岩划分5个破坏区,裂隙分为4个区;提出了“等效开挖”和“低效加固区”的概念,给出顶板巷道应根据侧压系数λ的大小和主应力方向选择合理断面形状是圆形或椭圆以及底板4.0～6.0m必要的加固深度,形成了上行开采顶板巷道稳定性控制原理:选择应力降低的Ⅱ区和Ⅲ区布置巷道、确定采后165d为顶板巷道开挖时机、优化巷道断面和减小低效加固区、提高围岩强度和支护结构稳定性以及分区强化控制,成功指导工程实践.
Taking the typical ascending mining as the engineering background, the stress field and fracture field of the overlying rock strata in the ascending mining are studied by using the integrated method of field measurement, physical simulation and numerical calculation. The lateral pressure coefficient, section shape, Rock strength and other factors on the stability of the surrounding rock. It reveals the zoning characteristics and the spatial and temporal evolution of the fractured sub-zone characteristics of the upstream mining mining stress and the roof strata division and roadway layout based on the stability of the surrounding rock of mining roadway , The overlying strata are divided into five failure zones and the fractures are divided into four zones. The concept of “equivalent excavation” and “inefficient reinforcement zone” are proposed. The roof roadway is given according to the lateral pressure coefficient λ The size and the direction of the main stress to choose a reasonable section shape is round or oval and the floor 4.0 ~ 6.0m the necessary depth of reinforcement, the formation of the roof mining roof stability control principle: Select the stress reduction Ⅱ and Ⅲ area layout of the roadway to determine mining After 165 days, it is the timing of excavation of roof roadway, optimization of roadway section and reduction of inefficient reinforcement zone, improvement of surrounding rock strength and stability of support structure and zoning strengthening control, and successfully guided engineering practice.