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19世纪40年代,以英国为首的西方资本主义势力,用大炮和鸦片轰开了闭关自守的清帝国的大门。列强侵略势力的纷至沓来,国内人民革命的风起云涌,使本来已在走下坡路的清王朝更加摇摇欲坠。于是,清王朝统治集团中以恭亲王奕诉和曾国藩、左宗棠、李鸿章等为首的洋务派,为了抵抗外国侵略和镇压国内的农民起义,发起了以购买和仿造外洋坚船利炮、加强军事实力为发端的洋务运动,藉以维护和巩固地主阶级的封建统治。在19世纪60至70年代,先后兴办了一批近代军事工业,江南制造局便是这批军事工业中兴办最早、规模最大的一个企业。在北京“中华
In the 1840s, led by Britain, western capitalist forces opened the door to the closed Qing Empire with cannon and opium. After the great aggression of the aggression came, the surging revolutionary people in the country made the Qing dynasty, which had already been declining, even more shaky. Thus, in order to resist foreign aggression and suppress the peasant uprising in the country, the Westernization faction led by Prince Gong Yi-von and Zeng Guofan, Zuo Zongtang, and Li Hongzhang initiated the campaign of buying and imitating foreign barracks and strengthening The military strength is the starting point of the Westernization Movement in order to safeguard and consolidate the feudal rule of the landlord class. In the 1960s and 1970s, a number of modern military industries were successively set up. The Jiangnan Bureau of Manufacturing was one of the earliest and largest enterprises in these military industries. In Beijing ”China