前言当前,无论日本国内还是国际上,人们依然对日本经济及日本的企业体制显示出莫大的关注,然而,日本学者和外国学者所关注的问题点却明显不同。在日本,人们就日本企业体制中所存在的问题正在展开种种议论,要求进行改革的呼声日益高涨。简单地说来,这种要求改革日本企业体制的观点,就是把美国的企业视为普遍的模式,从而主张日本的企业也应改革成美国的模式。在日本的战后复兴期和经济高速增长时期,这种认为美国的企业模式最先进并具有普遍性,反之日本的企业体制落后于世界而应当效仿于普遍模式的看法, Preface At present, people both in Japan and abroad still show great concern about the Japanese economy and Japan’s enterprise system. However, the issues that Japanese scholars and foreign scholars pay attention to are obviously different. In Japan, there are various discussions on the problems existing in the Japanese enterprise system, and calls for reform are on the rise. To put it simply, this view of requiring the reform of the Japanese enterprise system is to regard the U.S. enterprises as a universal model, thereby advocating that Japanese enterprises should also be transformed into the U.S. model. In the period of Japan’s post-war renaissance and rapid economic growth, this model of the United States regarded the enterprise as the most advanced and universal. On the contrary, Japan’s enterprise system lagged behind the world and should follow the view of the universal model.