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目的分析2007—2012年台山市1~24岁儿童青少年伤害死亡状况,为制定伤害干预措施提供依据。方法收集2007—2012年台山市儿童青少年伤害死亡监测资料,按国际疾病分类法(ICD-10)进行死因编码,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果台山市2007—2012年1~24岁儿童青少年伤害死亡共报告268例,平均死亡率为4.54/10万。伤害死亡死因顺位前6位依次为淹死88例(占32.84%)、机动车辆交通事故75例(占27.99%)、机动车以外的运输事故36例(占13.43%)、其他意外和有害效应19例(占7.09%)、自杀16例(占5.97%)和意外中毒13例(占4.85%),合计247例(占92.16%)。男性伤害死亡219例(平均死亡率为7.27/10万),女性伤害死亡49例(平均死亡率为1.69/10万),男性死亡率高于女性(P<0.01)。1~、5~和10~岁年龄组的主要死因均为淹死,分别占各年龄组的59.52%(25/42)、77.27%(17/22)和58.97%(23/39),15~岁年龄组和20~24岁年龄组的主要死因均为交通事故(包括机动车辆交通事故和机动车以外的运输事故),分别占各年龄组的47.83%(33/69)和60.42%(58/96)。伤害总死因按月份分布的死亡曲线呈“Λ”字形,即6、7月报告死亡数最多(64例,占23.88%),1、12月报告较少(26例,占9.70%)。结论伤害死亡是台山市儿童青少年的首位死因,其中以淹死发生率最高,应开展全方位的健康教育,增强儿童青少年及其他人群的安全意识,减少伤害死亡的发生。
Objective To analyze the injuries and deaths of adolescents aged from 1 to 24 years in Taishan City from 2007 to 2012, and provide the basis for the establishment of injury interventions. Methods The data of death and injury of children and adolescents in Taishan from 2007 to 2012 were collected. The cause of death was coded according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 268 cases of adolescent injury and death were reported in Taishan City from 2007 to 2012, with an average mortality rate of 4.54 / 100 000. The top 6 death causes were drowning in 88 cases (32.84%), motor vehicle accidents in 75 cases (27.99%), motor vehicle accidents in 36 cases (13.43%), other accidents and injuries There were 19 cases (accounting for 7.09%), 16 cases (5.97%) suicide and 13 cases (4.85%) accidental poisoning, a total of 247 cases (92.16%). There were 219 male injuries (average mortality 7.27 / 100,000), 49 female injuries (average mortality 1.69 / 100 000), and male mortality was higher than that of women (P 0.01). The main causes of death in 1 ~, 5 ~ and 10 ~ age groups were drowning, accounting for 59.52% (25/42), 77.27% (17/22) and 58.97% (23/39) in all age groups, respectively The main causes of death in the ~ age group and in the 20-24 age group are traffic accidents (including motor vehicle accidents and motor vehicle accidents), accounting for 47.83% (33/69) and 60.42% (33/69) respectively in all age groups 58/96). The death curve of the total fatal causes of death by month showed a “Λ” shape, reporting the highest number of deaths in June and July (64 cases, 23.88%) and less reported in January and December (26 cases, 9.70%) . Conclusion Injury to death is the first cause of death among children and adolescents in Taishan. Among them, drowning is the highest, and health education should be conducted in all aspects to enhance the safety awareness of children and adolescents and other populations and reduce the occurrence of injuries and deaths.