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用细胞离析法和冰冻切片技术,研究了10个甘蔗品种的茎贮藏细胞和维管束的解剖特征。甘蔗不同品种茎贮藏细胞体积存在极显著差异。所有品种茎贮藏组织皆有柱状和球状两种贮藏薄壁细胞,高糖品种这两种细胞各约占50%。茎贮藏细胞体积跟蔗糖含量存在极显著负相关、跟锤度存在显著负相关,尤以后期的细胞体积跟蔗糖含量的负相关关系最密切。随着生育期的进展,各个品种的茎贮藏细胞体积逐渐变小,而且有早熟品种变小较快;迟熟品种变小较慢的趋势。不同品种茎维管束密度存在极显著差异,维管束密度与蔗糖含量存在显著正相关,而与细胞体积没有关系。指出茎贮藏细胞小的品种蔗糖含量高、可能是由于茎组织细胞壁、细胞膜和液泡膜的总表面积大,而使吸收面积大,同时茎组织无阻空间大,因而吸收糖量大。说明糖分高低、是受细胞体积大小的影响。细胞体积随生育期的变化速率,也可能影响甘蔗糖分的含量。本研究结果为甘蔗育种提供参考依据。
The anatomical characteristics of stem cells and vascular bundles in 10 sugarcane cultivars were studied using cell isolation and cryosection techniques. There were significant differences in stem cell storage volume between different varieties of sugarcane. All varieties of stem storage organizations have both cylindrical and spherical parenteral storage of parenchyma cells, high sugar varieties of these two kinds of cells each account for about 50%. There was a significant and negative correlation between the volume of stem cells and the content of sucrose, and the negative correlation between the volume of stem cells and the degree of brix. Especially, the negative correlation between cell volume and sucrose content was most significant. With the progress of growth period, the volume of stem cells of all varieties gradually became smaller, and the varieties of early-maturing varieties became smaller and smaller; the late-maturing varieties became smaller and slower. There was a significant difference in the bundle density of stems between different varieties. There was a significant positive correlation between the vascular bundle density and sucrose content, but not with the cell volume. It is pointed out that the high content of sucrose in the small variety of stem-storage cells may be due to the large total surface area of the cell wall, cell membrane and tonoplast of the stem tissue, which results in large absorption area and large unimpeded space of the stem tissue. Explain the level of sugar, is affected by the size of the cell volume. The rate of change of cell volume with growth period may also affect the sugar content of cane. The results of this study provide a reference for sugarcane breeding.