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目的探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与乳腺癌发生、发展及淋巴结转移的关系。方法免疫组化方法测定不同组织学类型乳腺癌组织中VEGF水平;用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定血清中VEGF水平。结果 1)VEGF表达阳性率随着乳腺癌组织学分级增高而逐渐增高,淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组VEGF阳性表达率为92.86%(26/28),无淋巴结转移的乳腺癌组VEGF阳性表达率为81.82%(18/22);2)正常对照组和良性乳腺癌组血清VEGF水平比较,两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);正常对照组与恶性乳腺癌组进行比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);良性乳腺癌组与恶性乳腺癌组比较,其VEGF的浓度较恶性乳腺癌患者低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 VEGF在乳腺癌中高表达,提示其可能与乳腺癌的恶性进展有关;VEGF与乳腺癌淋巴结转移有关,检测VEGF含量对预测乳腺癌淋巴结转移具有重要意义。
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the occurrence and development of breast cancer and lymph node metastasis. Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to determine the level of VEGF in different histological types of breast cancer. Serum VEGF levels were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results 1) The positive rate of VEGF expression gradually increased with the histological grade of breast cancer. The positive expression rate of VEGF in breast cancer with lymph node metastasis was 92.86% (26/28). The positive rate of VEGF in breast cancer without lymph node metastasis was 81.82% (18/22) respectively; 2) There was no significant difference in serum VEGF levels between normal control group and benign breast cancer group (P> 0.05); there was significant difference between normal control group and malignant breast cancer group (P <0.01). Compared with malignant breast cancer group, the expression of VEGF in benign breast cancer group was lower than that in malignant breast cancer group (P <0.01). Conclusion The high expression of VEGF in breast cancer suggests that it may be related to the malignant progression of breast cancer. VEGF is associated with lymph node metastasis of breast cancer, and the detection of VEGF is of great significance in predicting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer.