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目的了解北京市2000~2004年流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)流行病学特征,以便制定科学的免疫策略。方法对2000~2004年540例流脑病例进行描述流行病学分析。结果2000~2004年流脑发病率由0.17/10万上升到1.43/10万,死亡率为0.01/10万~0.12/10万。本市人口病例119例,占22.04%;外来人口病例421例,占77.96%。临床诊断503例,占93.15%;实验室确诊37例,占6.85%;A群11例,B群5例,C群6例,未分群15例。540例病例中,3~5月发病370例,占总病例数的68.52%;发病构成比在前3位的年龄组为:15~19岁108例,占20.00%;0~4岁组88例,占16.30%;20~24岁组64例,占11.85%。119例本市人口病例中,学生53例,占44.54%;421例外来人口病例中,学龄前儿童76例,占18.05%;民工246例,占58.43%。外来人口病例1~14岁87例。其中有免疫史的11例,占12.64%;无免疫史的76例,占87.36%。结论北京市2000~2004年流脑发病呈持续上升趋势,高度散发,冬春季为高发季节,病例主要为外来人口,存在A、B、C群脑膜炎奈瑟菌引起的病例,应关注菌群的变迁。要做好流脑病原学、血清学监测。同时加强外来儿童的管理和脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗接种工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (meningitis) in Beijing from 2000 to 2004 in order to develop a scientific immunization strategy. Methods A total of 540 cases of meningitis from 2000 to 2004 were described by epidemiological analysis. Results The incidence of meningitis increased from 0.17 / 100,000 to 1.43 / 100,000 in 2000-2004, and the mortality rate was 0.01 / 100,000 to 0.12 / 100,000. 119 cases of the city’s population, accounting for 22.04%; 421 cases of foreign population, accounting for 77.96%. Clinical diagnosis of 503 cases, accounting for 93.15%; Laboratory confirmed 37 cases, accounting for 6.85%; A group of 11 cases, B group 5 cases, C group 6 cases, not group 15 cases. Among the 540 cases, 370 cases were found from March to May, accounting for 68.52% of the total number of cases. The incidence of disease in the first 3 groups was 108 cases (15 to 19 years old), accounting for 20.00%. The group of 0 to 4 years old Cases, accounting for 16.30%; 20 to 24 years old group of 64 cases, accounting for 11.85%. 119 cases of the city’s population of cases, 53 students, accounting for 44.54%; 421 cases of non-native population, 76 cases of pre-school children, accounting for 18.05%; 246 cases of migrant workers, accounting for 58.43%. Cases of foreign population 1 to 14 years old in 87 cases. There were 11 cases of immunization history, accounting for 12.64%; 76 cases without any history of immunization, accounting for 87.36%. Conclusions The incidence of meningococci in Beijing increased continuously from 2000 to 2004, highly distributed in winter and spring. The cases were mainly from non-native population. There were cases of Neisseria meningitides caused by groups A, B and C. Change. To do meningitis etiology, serological monitoring. At the same time strengthen the management of foreign children and meningococcal polysaccharide vaccination work.