新型小分子抗体-单链可变区片段(scFv)是用基因工程方法将抗体重链和轻链可变区通过一段连接肽连接而成的重组蛋白,是保持了亲本抗体的抗原亲和活性和特异性的最小功能性抗体片段,具有分子量小、免疫原性低、血液清除快、肿瘤穿透性强、成本低等优点,可成为将药物、毒素、放射性核素、细胞因子导向肿瘤的有价值的分子,并在肿瘤疫苗的开发和诊断试剂的发展上具有较大的潜力。文章主要就当前scFv在消化系肿瘤免疫诊治的进展以及应用中存在的问题作一简要综述。 The novel small molecule antibody-single chain variable fragment (scFv) is a recombinant protein genetically engineered to connect variable regions of the antibody heavy and light chains through a linker peptide, which retains the antigen-affinity activity of the parent antibody And the smallest specific functional antibody fragment has the advantages of low molecular weight, low immunogenicity, fast blood clearance, strong tumor penetration and low cost, and can be used to direct drugs, toxins, radionuclides and cytokines to tumors Valuable molecule, and has great potential in the development of tumor vaccines and the development of diagnostic reagents. The article mainly gives a brief review on the current scFv in the progress of immunological diagnosis and treatment of digestive system tumors and its application.