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根据野外实测资料进行的高含沙水体光谱特性研究得出:随着水体含沙量增大,光谱反射率增大,其峰值向近红外波段移动;当水体含沙量为10~(-1)公斤/米~3量级时,泥沙粒径大小对光谱反射率的影响比较显著。如泥沙粒径大于10微米的粉粒和沙粒所占比例增大时,产生非选择散射。泥沙粒径小于10微米的软泥和粘粒所占比例增大时,产生米氏散射,使400～600毫微米波段光谱反射率增大。水体含沙量在10~0～10~2公斤/米~3量级时,泥沙粒径对光谱反射率的影响为水体高含沙量本身的影响所淹没;含沙水体光谱反射率R(%)与水体含沙量(S)有较好的对数关系;分析表明:波长600～800毫微米是研究黄河高含沙水体的较好波段,900～1020毫微米(或Mss_7波段)更是判别含沙量在10~2公斤/米~3以上的高含沙水体的重要波段。
The spectral characteristics of the high silt water body based on field measurements show that the spectral reflectance increases as the sediment concentration increases, and the peak value shifts to the near infrared band. When the sediment concentration is 10 ~ (-1) ) Kg / m ~ 3 level, the effect of sediment particle size on spectral reflectance is significant. Non-selective scattering occurs when the proportion of silt and sand particles with silt sizes greater than 10 microns increases. As the proportion of slime and clay that has a sediment particle size of less than 10 μm increases, the Mie scattering results and the spectral reflectance in the 400-600 nm band increases. The influence of sediment particle size on the spectral reflectance is submerged by the high sediment concentration of the water body when the sediment concentration of water body is in the range of 10 ~ 0 ~ 10 ~ 2 kg / m ~ 3. The spectral reflectance R (%) And the sediment concentration (S) have a good logarithm relationship. The analysis shows that the wavelength of 600-800 nm is a good band for studying the high sediment concentration in the Yellow River, and the range of 900-1020 nm (or Mss-7 band) But also to determine the sediment concentration in the 10 ~ 2 kg / m ~ 3 above the high water content of the important band.